We include photographs of collapsing wood framed roofs and photo sequences.
Wall plate flat roof joist layout.
Mark off a joist every 16 inches along the length of the wall with the last joist lining up against the opposite verge wall.
Mark both sides of the layout stick every 2 ft.
Run a stud finder along the ceiling to locate the joists.
10d box nails may be substituted for 8d common shown in.
Mark the installation location for each joist along the wall plate.
The joists will be 16 inches on center.
Start at one end of the wall so that the first joist is flush with the walls which run parallel to the joists.
Wall plates are to be fixed to masonery using hardened nails 4mm in diameter x 75mm long or 50mm long wood screws if fixed into timber.
Install steel joist hangers at each mark.
Roof sag or roof collapse forces.
Their design span the exact length from face to face of the supports is 15 feet 1 inch see illustration figure 1 figure 1 when sizing joists use the clear span the length from support to support not the full length of the joist.
This article describes explains the directions of forces in roof structures illustrating downwards force horizontal thrust and the causes of rafter sags rafters that disconnect from the ridge or top plate and why a sagging roof pushes the building walls outwards at the wall top.
The steels or rsj s rolled steel joists are often built into one or both walls to give added stability to the roof structure.
Use a chalk line to mark where you want to place the new wall along the floor.
Begin wall assembly by planning the layout of the new wall.
Wall sheathing as required use single i joist for loads up to 2000 plf double i joists for loads up to 4000 plf filler block not required.
On a basic level flat roof construction comes in the form of roofing timbers or joists as they are more commonly known or steels that are laid across two uprights walls in most cases.
Using the layout stick place the edge half on the end of the wall plates.
To fix the joists and rafters down on to the wall plates they should be toe or skew nailed to the top plate like below.
Lay out every stud in every wall but keep in mind that simplicity and clarity are the key.
The mark on the double top plate is where the joist will sit and the mark on the top plate is where the stud will fall.
If the joists are parallel to the new wall adjust the layout so that the wall is directly under a joist.
Attach i joist to top plate using 8d nails at 6 o c.
